Test Your Knowledge - Chapter 9 Answers
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How will the demographic makeup of the UK change in the next twenty years?
In the next 20 years, for the first time in some cities, such as Leicester, white people will be in the minority. Ethnic pluralism will become the norm in some UK towns and cities.
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Though scientifically the idea of race has been discredited, why do sociologists still retain the concept ‘race’?
Sociologists retain the concept of ‘race’ as ideas about racial differences continue to be very influential, since many people behave ‘as if’ races existed and use such ideas to justify racist behaviour.
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What is meant by ‘situational ethnicity’?
Situational Ethnicity refers to the changes in an individual’s ethnic identity according to variations in the situations and audiences encountered.
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What is institutional racism?
Institutional Racism occurs when institutional policies, procedures and practices intentionally or unintentionally give rise to discriminatory outcomes and reproduce disadvantage.
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What problems may there be in trying to compare mortality data for different ethnic groups?
First, mortality rates tend to concentrate on older generations and thereby primarily on immigrants, rather than on the younger generations, the majority of whom are British-born. Second, use of mortality rates tends to understate inequalities. This is because the occupation listed on the death certificate of migrants may be the highest occupational level achieved (perhaps teacher in country of origin) rather than their occupation in Britain (perhaps unskilled factory worker) owing to downward occupational mobility at the time of migration. Third, mortality rates are compiled by country of birth rather than ethnicity (Aspinall, 2006), which does not identify differences in life chances between groups within that country. In addition around half of the minority ethnic population of Britain is British-born.
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Identify three important techniques for communicating with a patient with limited understanding of English in the absence of a translator.
If no translator is available, the nurse should maintain a sympathetic manner and reassuring tone; speak slowly and clearly but without shouting; demonstrate things; keep good notes so that questioning does not have to be repeated.
