Anthony Giddens • Sociology 6th edition

Student Resources

Chapter 15 — Race, Ethnicity and Migration

1. Why do many sociologists use scare quotes when discussing ‘race’?
   a) it’s a complex concept with multiple meanings
   b) to reflect the fact that the number of races is disputed
   c) the concept has no scientific basis but is still widely used
   d) to distinguish the science of race from discussions of ethnicity
2. Which of the following is not part of a sociological definition of a ‘minority group’?
   a) the minority group is disadvantaged compared to the more powerful and dominant group
   b) minority groups are always non-white
   c) the minority group has a strong sense of group solidarity
   d) the minority group often experiences prejudice and discrimination
3. What term describes the fixed and inflexible characterizations of social groups?
   a) stereotypes
   b) prejudice
   c) scapegoating
   d) discrimination
4. The Stephen Lawrence Inquiry in the UK (1999) found evidence of institutional racism within which public service?
   a) National Health Service
   b) police and criminal justice system
   c) local government
   d) armed forces
5. Prohibiting intermarriage across ethnic groups, the physical separation of groups, and restrictions on contact between ethnic groups are examples of:
   a) resource allocation
   b) ethnocentrism
   c) discrimination
   d) group closure
6. What is multiculturalism?
   a) the existence of cultural diversity within a society
   b) policies encouraging ethnic groups to live together in harmony
   c) new immigrants adopting the values and norms of the host culture
   d) ethnic group cultures exist separately within a society
7. Approximately what percentage of the global population currently lives outside their country of birth?
   a) 3%
   b) 15%
   c) 25%
   d) 40%
8. Which European country colonized Rwanda in 1916?
   a) Britain
   b) Portugal
   c) Belgium
   d) France
9. Which one of the following is not one of the four migration trends identified by Castles and Miller (1993)?
   a) acceleration
   b) diversification
   c) globalization
   d) regionalization
   e) feminization
10. How does Cohen (1997) categorize the movement of people around the world as a result of the African slave trade?
    a) cultural diaspora
    b) labour diaspora
    c) cultural diaspora
    d) victim diaspora
11. What was the system of forced racial segregation in South Africa known as?
    a) apartheid
    b) ethnic cleansing
    c) multiculturalism
    d) assimilation
12. Why do sociologists use the category 'race'?
    a) it distinguishes between biological and social factors
    b) it denotes something fixed and unchanging
    c) it is a social category which has real effects on peoples lives
    d) it enables comparisons between groups in different countries
13. What is defined as: 'the cultural practices and outlooks of a given community of people that set them apart from others'?
    a) racism
    b) ethnicity
    c) identity
    d) stereotyping
14. A minority group is one that is both disadvantaged and:
    a) has some sense of collective or group solidarity
    b) numerically small compared to the main social group
    c) identifiably different from others in a society
    d) holds views contrary to the social norm
15. What is behaviour towards a group or individual which treats them differently from other groups or individuals called?
    a) prejudice
    b) discrimination
    c) racism
    d) projection
16. What is the idea that racism pervades all of society's structures in a systematic way called?
    a) new racism
    b) cultural racism
    c) ethnocentrism
    d) institutional racism
17. What is the approach to ethnic integration which requires immigrants to adopt the culture and values of the majority called?
    a) assimilation
    b) melting pot
    c) cultural pluralism
    d) multiculturalism
18. What is the systematic elimination of one ethnic group at the hands of another called?
    a) ethnic cleansing
    b) institutional racism
    c) genocide
    d) scapegoating
19. In Britain, low concentrations of ethnic minority populations are found in:
    a) the North West
    b) the West Midlands
    c) Greater London
    d) the South West
20. Women of which ethnic group are least likely to have a white partner?
    a) Indian
    b) Pakistani
    c) Bangladeshi
    d) Chinese
21. To what does the term 'the new migration' refer?
    a) movement from Britain to commonwealth countries
    b) movement from former colonies to European countries
    c) movement from European countries to Africa
    d) movement between European countries
22. Which model of migration admits immigrants to a country on a temporary basis often for economic reasons without giving citizenship rights?
    a) classic
    b) colonial
    c) guest worker
    d) illegal
23. Which one of the following is a pull factor in emigration?
    a) political oppression
    b) employment opportunities
    c) food shortages
    d) population pressures
24. What is defined as: 'the dispersal of an ethnic population from an original homeland into foreign areas, often in a forced manner'?
    a) migration
    b) globalization
    c) colonialism
    d) diaspora

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